The use of immuno-oncology drugs has advanced to the frontline of early-stage cancers. This is because data has demonstrated that the use of immuno-oncology drugs in the early stages increases the possibility of surgery and reduces the possibility of metastasis and recurrence. Following their use in the field of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), immuno-oncology drugs are evaluated to be paving the way for early treatment in difficult-to-treat cancer types such as melanoma, bladder cancer, esophageal cancer, and breast cancer.

BMS and Ono Pharmaceutical’s anti-PD-1 immunotherapy Opdivo (nivolumab) has recently received approval for use in early-stage NSCLC. The Ministry of Food and Drug Safet