Global pharmaceutical companies are making progress in developing messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) cancer vaccines and immuno-oncology combinations.

Recently, Regeneron and BioNTech confirmed efficacy in a Phase II clinical trial for melanoma. Moderna, a company specializing in the development of mRNA vaccines, has also shown promise in melanoma and head and neck cancer using its vaccine in combination with the immuno-oncology drug Keytruda. In Korea, LG Chem, ImmuneOncia, and others are developing new mRNA and immuno-oncology drug combinations.

A cancer vaccine activates the immune system by administering cancer cell antigens to patients, rather than being a preventive concept. Like a vac